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Objective To investigate the effects of citric acid on the related indexes of salivary secretion under acid loading in or‐der to optimize the citric acid load method .Methods The saliva samples were collected from 10 young healthy volunteers at 1-90 s before ,at 91-120 s during and at 121-210 s after citric acid loading .The indexes were detected in saliva with mixed loading and after loading .The salivary alpha‐amylase(sAA ) activity ,pH value ,saliva flow rate ,total protein concentration in various groups were detected .The ratio values before and after the acid loading were compared among the groups .Results (1)The sAA activity , saliva pH value and total protein concentrations after acid loading were significantly increased compared before loading (P<0 .05) , moreover the ratio of after loading and before loading was greater than 1(P<0 .05);(2) however in the citric acid mixing ,the sAA activity ,saliva pH value and total protein concentration were decreased compared with before acid loading ,its ratio was less than 1 (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Citric acid affects the secretion result of acid loading saliva secretion ,it is suggested that the saliva under acid loading is separated treated and analyzed .
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the differences of salivary alpha(α) amylase (sAA) activity and its activity ratio from the sali‐va before and after citric acid stimulation and approach the correlations among sAA activity determined by the methods of iodine‐starch ,Bernfeld and EPS‐G7 velocity respectively .Methods Ten saliva samples were collected from five healthy volunteers before and after citric acid stimulation .Their activities were determined three times by the three methods ,and the variation coefficient (CV) of sAA activity and activity ratio were calculated .Moreover ,correlation among sAA activities determined by the three meth‐ods were analyzed .Results The significant differences (P 0 .05) in sAA activities ratio and its CV ;Significant correlation was found between sAA activity determined by random two of three methods(P < 0 .05) ,and their correlation coefficients were above 0 .96 .Conclusion The sAA activity data determined by three methods could be transformed each other by regression equation ,and determined precision by the method of EPS‐G7 velocity is highest ,and data processing method of sAA activity ratio could decrease differences among CV from three methods .
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It is considered that olfactory stimulation by fragrance inhalation is one of the methods of relaxation. We examined the possibility by using fragrance inhalation essential oils, such as sweet orange oil and peppermint oil. We measured salivary alpha-amylase activity and state anxiety levels in undergraduate students before and after inhalation. Salivary alpha-amylase activity levels have been utilized to assess the sympathetic nervous activity.<br> Our results indicate that both salivary alpha-amylase activity and state anxiety levels are significantly reduced after fragrance inhalation of the sweet orange oil. Consequently, our research suggests that sweet orange essential oil has a relaxation effect.<br>
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to understand the characteristics of salivary ALPHA-amylase reactivity (sAA), as a biological maker of stress, by viewing negative affective pictures. METHODS: Forty six normal healthy subjects participated in this study. Prior to the experiment, the participants completed baseline psychological assessment including trait-dependent anxiety scales. On experiment, saliva samples were collected one time before and three times after exposure to 5-min stressor consisting 20 negative affective pictures. The state-related scales were measured before and just after exposure to stressor to assess the subjects' state anxiety. RESULTS: Overall, sAA was significantly decreased over time with the increase of negative affect score and state-anxiety. The Anxiety Scale Inventory scores were negatively correlated with the baseline as well as the other following sAA levels (all ps or =2, N=19) than in the lower counterpart (<2, N=27) in comparison between them (mean:46.6 vs. 76.5 U/mL, p=.024). After the exposure, the means of sAA levels significantly decreased over time in the lower susceptible group, whereas did not in the higher one (mean:-1.7 vs. -23.0 U/mL, p=.031). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the baseline level of sAA and its reactivity depend on individual trait of anxiety as well as state of reactivity to affective stress.